Indonesian Journal of Aquaculture Medium
Jurnal Media Akuakultur Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Aquaculture Medium), abbreviated as JMAI (IJAM), managed by Aquaculture Study Program, University of Mataram, is a scientific journal publishing research results in marine and fisheries sector. In 2021 (Volume 1) and 2022 (Volume 2), JMAI published twice a year. But since 2023 (Volume 3), JMAI Published four times a year (February, May, August and November). This development is recorded and reported on the ISSN number attached to JMAI. E- ISSN : 2798-0553
Program Studi Budidaya Perairan Universitas Mataram
Shrimp Vannamei Culture (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Low Salinity Media on Biofloc System With Different C/N Ratio Media Intake
Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the superior commodity biota in the fisheries sector with one of its etyhaline abilities, namely that it can survive a wide salinity range, so it has the potential to cultivate vannamei shrimp in fresh water media. One of the cultivation systems that is currently developing is the biofloc system with the advantage of increasing the production capacity of dense biota but still being able to maintain water quality through the floc produced, apart from that it can increase biota production where the floc is able to become natural food for the biota being reared. The development of freshwater vaname shrimp cultivation using a biofloc system has never been carried out, where one of the important factors of biofloc itself is the C/N ratio for floc growth, therefore it is necessary to determine the correct C/N ratio given to the freshwater vaname shrimp biofloc media. The aim of this research is to analyze the maintenance of low salinity vaname shrimp using a biofloc system at different C/N ratios. The research method used was the experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely P1 C/N 6, P2 C/N ratio 12, P3 C/N ratio 18, and P4 C/N ratio 18. N 24. The results of this study show a real difference in the specific weight growth rate with the highest value at P3, namely 9.0%/day and the lowest at P1, namely 0%/day. The specific length growth rate in P3 shows the highest value, namely 4.18%/day and the lowest in P1, namely 0%/day. The FCR value in the study also showed the best results at P3 with a value of 1.57.
Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Aquaculture Medium
COVER, EDITORIAL BOARDS, TABLE OF CONTENT
Feeding Efficiency Using Auto Feeder in Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Cultivation at PT. Bumi Harapan Jaya, Tano Photo, West Sumbawa
Feed is a very important factor because it takes up 60-70% of the total operational costs, so that feed provided according to needs will stimulate optimal growth and development of shrimp production. The use of auto feeder machines can help in providing shrimp feed more effectively and maintaining water quality to remain stable and suitable for vannamei shrimp cultivation. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficiency of feeding in vannamei shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ) cultivation . The method used in this study is the method descriptive, the data analyzed in this study is shrimp growth data obtained from sampling results and water quality data both in the field and laboratory. The results of this study are that the daily growth (ADG) of vannamei shrimp is in the range of 0.22-0.38 grams, this data is already optimal and for the average weight (MBW) obtained 4.56 grams then increased over time to reach DOC 108 with a weight of 24.97 grams. Based on the results of the average weight growth obtained, it is known that the growth is optimal and it is known that the water quality value is still in optimal condition in vannamei shrimp cultivation, both physical and chemical parameters. From this study it is known that feeding using an auto feeder has a good effect on the growth of ADG and MBW shrimp and also the feed given using an auto feeder can minimize feed falling to the bottom so that water quality is maintained and remains in optimal condition for vannamei shrimp cultivation. Keywords: Cultivation, Feed, Vannamei , Auto Feeder, Growth
The Effect of Recombinant Growth Hormone Administration on Bonylip Barb (Osteochilus vittatus) Fry at Diferent Stocking Densities.
The nilem fish (Osteochilus vittatus) has high economic value, but its growth rate is relatively slow. One potential solution to accelerate its cultivation period is the use of recombinant growth hormone (rGH). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral administration of rGH derived from Epinephelus lanceolatus (rElGH) on the growth rate of nilem fish juveniles at different stocking densities. A completely randomized design with three replications was used in this study. Juvenile fish with an average length of 4.43±0.03 cm and weight of 0.96±0.03 g were reared in aquaria measuring 100 × 50 × 50 cm with a water height of 20 cm for 30 days. The fish were fed commercial feed containing 31–33% protein, with rElGH-supplemented feed given to satiation twice daily (at 08:00 and 16:00) during the first seven days, followed by regular feed without rElGH. The best production performance was obtained in the R30 treatment group (30 fish per 100 L with rElGH), with an absolute weight gain (AWG) of 3.4 g, a survival rate of 98.89%, and a specific growth rate (SGR) of 4.8% per day, indicating that nilem fish given rElGH grew faster.
Financial Viability Assessment of Koi (Cyprinus Rubrofuscus) Culture Through Selective Breeding Programs : A Case Study of Indonesian Commercial Koi Farms
This study aims to evaluate the financial performance of the koi fish farming industry (Cyprinus rubrofuscus) in Indonesia through a selective breeding program. Data collected between 2021 and 2024, covering business development, operational costs, investment costs, and capital estimates, was obtained from 24 koi fish farming businesses in the Java region. Businesses using genetic screening aim to reduce financial disparities, which is different from traditional aquaculture methods. The analysis's results indicate that the implementation of the selective breeding program in a scientific manner yielded a higher profit margin of 34.2% than the traditional method, which only reached 18.7%. Although the initial investment is more substantial (about Rp28,5 million per hectare), the time frame required to pay for the investment is more efficient, i.e., between 18 and 24 months. The price of koi fish is higher than the market price, possibly reaching 2.8% of the price of koi fish, with the selling price per tail ranging from Rp450,000 to Rp1,200,000. In addition, there was a 15% increase in feed efficiency and a 3% decrease in mortality, which means a 7.8% reduction. Thus, this selective breeding program can improve koi farming production and sales performance by applying genetic technology, which can help overcome the financial crisis in the aquaculture sector in developing countries.
Differences in Bait Types on Mangrove Crab (Scylla Serrata) Catches Using Folding Trap in Pangkal Babu Village.
Folding bubu fishing gear is one of the fishing gear operated to catch mangrove crabs in Pangkal Babu Village, catching mangrove crabs (Scylla serrata) using folding bubu fishing gear requires bait in an effort to increase catches effectively. This study aims to determine the difference in mangrove crab catches using stingray and tobul fish bait using folding bubu. This research was conducted in Pangkal Babu Village, Tanjung Jabung Barat on March 7 - April 7, 2024. The method used was experimental fishing. Data collected include the number, weight and width of mangrove crab catches, the number, weight, and width of the carapace of the catches are tabulated in the form of tables and graphs. The results showed that the number of mangrove crab catches was 27 with an average total weight of 407.8 g and an average carapace width of 198.4 mm. While the catch of mangrove crabs with tobacco fish treatment got 34 fish with an average weight of 602.4 g, and an average width of 267.6 mm. The results of the T test analysis showed that the bait type treatment had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on the number of mangrove crab catches, but had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the weight and width of the mangrove crab carapace, From this study, it can be concluded that the use of tobacco fish bait in folding bubu fishing gear in Pangkal Babu Village resulted in higher carapace weight and width compared to the use of stingray bait.
White Snapter Lates Calcarifer Hatchery Techniques at Brackishwater Cultivation Fisheries Center (Bpbap) Situbondo, East Java.
Hatchery activities have several stages, starting with broodstock management, preparation of larval containers, broodstock selection, brood spawning, egg handling, larval rearing, feeding management, water quality management and harvesting. The aim is to find out knowledge about white snapper (Lates calcarifer) hatchery techniques at the Brackish Water Aquaculture Center (BPBAP) Situbondo, East Java. The research method used is the descriptive method. The research results showed that the number of broodstock used in the natural spawning process was 84 with a ratio of 1:2, carried out twice during the dark and bright months at night. The harvested eggs were spread in rectangular concrete tanks for 17-18 hours and the HR (Hatching Rate) was calculated with a yield of 96%. Feeding D2-D30 larvae is given 2 times a day with types of feed in the form of natural and artificial feed, D23-D35 larvae feed is given once every 2 hours in the form of artificial feed. The results of measuring water quality parameters were a pH value of 7.75, a salinity value of 30 ppt, a temperature value of 31oC, a dissolved oxygen value of 6.12 mg/L and an ammonia value of 0.085 mg/L. Water management is carried out by siphoning and changing the water according to the age of the larvae. Harvesting of larvae is carried out after grading size and defects and then calculating the SR (Survival Rate) value which is found to be 30%.
Identification of Gastropod Species in the Waters of Moudolung, East Sumba Regency
The intertidal zone is an area that has a narrow area because it borders land and is influenced by tides. The types of biota in tidal areas have high diversity. There are many types of biota such as fish, bivalves, coral reefs, gastroda and there are also types of plants such as macroalgae, seagrass and mangroves. One of the biota found in tidal areas is Gastropods from the phylum mollusca which has quite abundant species diversity. With location conditions such as sandy, muddy and rocky substrates. Moudong waters are waters that have rocky and muddy topography, so they are a place/habitat for gastropod species. The aim of this research was to see the level of diversity of gastropod types and nutritional content. The method used is the observation and line transect method, with 9 stations and 9 plots on each transect. Based on the results of research on the types of gastropods in Moudong waters, there are 5 types of gastropods, namely Oliva fordi, Telescopium Telescopium, Steromphala umbilicalis, Canarium labiatum, Familia muricidae. The level of diversity of gastropod species is low with an H' index < 2.0, because there is only 1 type at each sampling station. For nutritional content (proximate analysis results), it was found that the nutritional content of the gastropod species obtained in Moudolung waters was quite high, one of which was that the protein content of each type was quite high.
Gastropods, Moudolung Waters, East Sumba
Evaluation of Mutiara Strain Catfish Seed Production (Clarias sp.) at UPR Farm 169 Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan
Mutiara catfish is one of the leading commodities in the freshwater fish farming sector in Indonesia. Catfish has the advantage of good meat quality, a fast growth rate, and can live at high density. The continuous availability of seeds is one of the key factors in meeting the demand for catfish seeds in West Kalimantan. This study aims to evaluate the catfish seed production system at Farm 169, Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan. The seeding process includes pond preparation, parent selection, spawning, egg hatching, larval maintenance and harvesting, feeding, and water quality management. The results of the fecundity calculation of pearl catfish obtained the number of eggs as many as 142.200, fertilization rate of 85.08%, hatching rate of 83.12%, and larval survival rate of 92.62%.
Identification Of Freshness Level Of Mackerel (Rastrelliger Kanagurta) In Tanjungsari Market, Sumedang Regency.
Fresh fish or wet fish is fish that has not been or is not preserved with anything except simply cooled with ice. Fish is said to have maximum freshness if its properties are still the same as live fish, both in appearance, taste, and texture. The level of freshness of fish can be identified or assessed organoleptically. Human senses are instruments used in Volume 5, Number 2, June 2025 https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/jmai/index. E-ISSN : 2798-0553 31 organoleptic tests, which include sight, smell, taste, touch and hearing. This study aims to determine the level of freshness of mackerel and fresh fish at Tanjung Sari Market organoleptically. This research method is by taking mackerel samples and at 10.00 WIB, then its freshness is identified qualitatively through organoleptic observations. Sampling was carried out on May 20, 2025. Organoleptic assessment is the most widely used method in determining signs of fish freshness because it is easier and faster to do, does not require a lot of equipment, and does not require a laboratory. Subjective (organoleptic) determination of fish quality decline is carried out using a score sheet that has been set by the National Standardization Agency SNI 01-2346-2006 (BSN 2006) and using 5 (five) panelists. The parameters observed are the condition of the eyes, gills, mucus, meat, odor, and texture. For organoleptic observations, a detailed assessment (see the score sheet table) is carried out on the fish in the range of values 1 to 9. In the organoleptic testing of test fish sold in retail by traders at Tanjungsari market, the values obtained ranged from 7-8, which means that the fish still has good quality and meets the requirements set by SNI (2006), namely the standard for fresh fish for organoleptic testing, which is a minimum of 7.
Identification Of Salmonella sp. In Smoked Fish In Jayapura City
The purpose of this study was to assess the microbiological quality of smoked fish at the processing center in Jayapura City, Papua. 100 kilograms of smoked fish were tested, samples were taken from producers, distributors, and retailers at three distribution levels. Microbiological tests included identification of Salmonella sp. bacteria and Total Plate Count (TPS) tests. The results of the study were conducted using ANOVA and DMRT further tests at a significance level of 95%. The average TPS value at all distribution levels ranged between 3.379 and 3.509 log cfu/g, which is still within the safe limit for consumption (p>0.05). Each sample tested did not show any Salmonella sp. contamination. This study shows that smoked fish products in Jayapura City are microbiologically safe, but care during distribution needs to be improved, especially in terms of packaging and cleanliness, so that the product continues to satisfy consumers. Consumers can be more satisfied and shelf life can be extended with better hygiene, packaging, and better distribution chain management. The results of this study provide important insights for producers, consumers, and related parties about the quality of Jayapura smoked fish. This information can be used as a basis for fisheries policy and product quality improvement.
The Effect Of Giving Maggot (Chrysomya megacephala) Maintained In Different Media On The Production Performance Of Nile Fish (Orechromis niloticus)
Nile tilapia is a high-value aquaculture commodity. Its production increased from 24.98% in 2018 to 26.76% in 2019, showing a 7.11% rise. In tilapia farming, feed is a major factor, but its high cost has encouraged the search for alternative feeds. Maggot offers a promising solution due to its low cost and high protein content (40–50%) along with essential amino acids. This research used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD), consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications: P1 (household waste), P2 (fruit waste), P3 (tofu dregs), and P4 (chicken manure). Egg hatching was carried out in plastic containers with a moist mixture of pellet and water. After one week, larvae were transferred to wooden rearing containers filled with 2 kg of each type of waste. The maggot rearing process lasted for two weeks. Maggots were harvested at three weeks old, then dried by roasting and used as fish feed. Tilapia were reared for 45 days in 12 aerated containers and fed maggots three times a day. Water quality was monitored weekly. The results showed that weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), absolute length, specific length growth rate (SLGR), and blood glucose levels were significantly affected by the treatments. However, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and survival rate (SR) were not significantly different. The best results were obtained from P1 (household waste), with absolute weight gain of 11.42 g, SGR of 1.67%/day, absolute length of 4.92 cm, SLGR of 1.02%/day, FCR of 1.9, survival rate of 84.44%, and blood glucose level of 73.3 mg/dL.
Comparative Analysis of Chlorella vulgaris Cell Densities in Different Culture Systems
Chlorella vulgaris is a cosmopolitan microalga with high nutritional value, widely utilized in aquaculture, pharmaceuticals, and biofuel production. This study evaluated its growth performance across three culture scales (laboratory bottle, carboy, and intermediate concrete tank) at BPBAP Situbondo from February to June 2024. The research aimed to analyze the influence of scale on biomass productivity and identify critical environmental factors. Results demonstrated significant growth variations among scales. The laboratory bottle (5 L) achieved the highest cell density (54 × 10⁶ cells/mL) on day 11, attributed to optimal light distribution and stable temperature (30–33°C). Carboy cultures (10 L) showed moderate productivity (31 × 10⁶ cells/mL), while the intermediate scale (700–800 L) yielded the lowest density (6.8 × 10⁶ cells/mL) due to light limitation and suboptimal aeration. Water quality parameters remained stable across all systems, with pH 8.0, salinity 30–34 ppt, and uniform light intensity (500 lux). Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences in growth rates (p < 0.05), highlighting the inverse relationship between scale size and productivity. The study concludes that small-scale systems offer superior environmental control for C. vulgaris cultivation. For mass production, design improvements—such as enhanced aeration, closed photobioreactors, and artificial lighting—are recommended to replicate laboratory-scale efficiency. These findings provide actionable insights for optimizing microalgae culture systems in aquaculture feed production.
Growth and Maintenance of Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) Fed with Commercial Feed at BPBAP Situbondo
This study evaluated the growth performance and maintenance of white seabass (Lates calcarifer) fed with commercial feed at BPBAP Situbondo. As a high-value aquaculture commodity with increasing market demand, white seabass farming faces challenges in seed production and growth optimization. The research monitored growth parameters, survival rate (SR), and water quality during a 4-month rearing period (February-June 2024) in concrete tanks (2.5×4×1.2 m). Results showed that commercial feeds (Megami/Skretting) administered via ad-satiation method (3-4x/day for juveniles <7cm, 2x/day for 8-14cm fish) supported growth, though size variation triggered cannibalism. Water quality parameters remained optimal (pH 7.49-8.17; salinity 33-34‰; ammonia 0.011-0.026 mg/L) per SNI 8036:2014 standards, contributing to an 83.98% SR. Key findings emphasize the critical role of routine grading to prevent cannibalism, strict feed management to minimize toxic waste accumulation (TAN peaked at 1.397 mg/L), and daily water exchange (100% replacement). The study concludes that integrated feed-water management significantly enhances white seabass productivity, recommending further research on nutrient-specific feed formulations and advanced filtration systems to address the 16% mortality rate.
The Effect Of Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Water For Male Sex Reversal In Green Swordtail (Xiphophorus hellerii)
Male green swordtail (Xiphophorus hellerii) is one of fish that is widely favored by the Indonesian people and included in the top ten exports of ornamental fish trade. Market demand for male green swordtail is increasing, so it is necessary to find a method that produces male in mass. One technique that can be used is sex reversal. One of the natural ingredients that can be used is coconut (Cocos nucifera) water. This study aims to analyze the effect of different concentrations of coconut water on the sexing of male green swordtail. This study was conducted ford 60 days in June-August 2023 at the Fish Production and Reproduction Laboratoryd, Aquaculture Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram. The method used was an experiment using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely without coconut water administration or control (P1); 20% ​​coconut water administration (P2); 40% ​​coconut water administration (P3); 60% ​​coconut water administration (P4). The results showed that the method of soaking coconut water with different concentrations for 24 hours had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the percentage of male green swordtail and survival rate, while the growth in length and weight of the fish did not have a significant effect on each treatment, because the growth of the fish was influenced by the feed given. The best treatment was obtained in treatment P3 with a coconut water concentration of 40%, which produced 91.84% male fish with a survival rate of 89.52%.
Copyright (c) 2024 Indonesian Journal of Aquaculture Medium
Effectiveness Of Komak (Lablab Purpureus) Leaf Extract On The Immune System Of Tila Fish (Oreochromis Niloticus) Which Was Injected With Aeromonas Hydrophila Bacteria
This study aims to determine the effect of comma leaf extract on the immune system of tilapia injected with A. hydrophila bacteria. This research was conducted for 60 days at the Fish Production and Reproduction Laboratory and Aquaculture Fish Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Study Program, Department of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram. The method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) experiment with five treatments and three replications, namely where K- was not given comma leaf extract and was injected with 0.9% NaCl, K+ was not given comma leaf extract and was injected with A. Hydrophila bacteria, P1 (0.5%) extract comma leaf and injected with A. hydrophila bacteria, P2 (1%) of komak leaf extract and injected with A. hydophila bacteria, P3 (2%) of komak leaf extract and injected with A. hydrophila bacteria. The observed parameters were total erythrocytes, total leukocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, differential leukocytes, phagocytosis activity, total bacteria and survival (SR). The results showed that the average value of total erythrocytes was 1.22-1.82 x106 cells/mm3, total leukocytes were 2.08-2.8 x104 cells/mm3, hemoglobin was 3.4-5.5%, hematocrit was 14.1-17.3%, differential leukocytes consisted of 4 types of cells, namely lymphocytes. , monocytes, neutrophils and platelets. Lymphocytes 60.7-72.3%, monocytes 4.3-7.3%, neutrophils 17-24.3%, and platelets 6.3-7.7%, phagocytosis activity 44.8-66.3%, total bacteria (TB) OD620 3.39-3.84, survival (SR) 46.7-66.7 %. The addition of 2% of comma leaf extract to the feed can improve the immune system of tilapia injected with A. hydrophila bacteria
Lablab purpureus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Tilapia
Effectiveness of kawista leaf extract (Limonia acidissima) against the immune system tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) injection bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila
ABSTRACT Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a freshwater commodity that has high prospects in the fisheries sector. A. hydrophila bacteria is a pathogenic bacteria that can cause death, often found in freshwater fish. The kawista plant contains alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids and polyphenols. The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of kawista leaf extract Limonia acidissima) against the immune system of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) injected with A. hydrophila bacteria. This study was experimental using a completely randomized design (RAL) method consisting of 5 treatments with 3 replications namely K- (Not given kawista leaf extract and injected with 0.9% NaCl), K+ (Not given kawista leaf extract and injected with A. Hydrophila bacteria ), P1 (Addition of kawista leaf extract to feed with a dose of 0.5% and injection of A. hydrophila bacteria, P2 (Addition of kawista leaf extract to feed with a dose of 1% and injection of A. Hydrophila bacteria), P3 (Addition of kawista leaf extract to feed with dose of 2% and injection of A. Hydrophila bacteria).The results showed that giving kawista leaf extract with different doses affected the immune system in tilapia and fish survival.In this study the best treatment was obtained in treatment 2 with a total erythrocyte value of 1.92 x106 cell/mm3, total leukocytes 2.58x104 cell/mm3, differential leukocytes are divided into 4 parts, namely lymphocytes 66.7%, monocytes 5.33%, neutrophils 21.7%, and platelets 6.33%, hemoglobin 6.6%, hematocrit 17.33%, phagocytosis activity 69.93%, and a Total Bacteria Count (TBC) of OD620 3.53 and a survival rate of 68%. The conclusion was obtained that the use of kawista leaf extract at a dose of 1% in feed could improve the immune system of tilapia injected with A. hydrophila bacteria.
Tilapia, A. hydrophila, kawista leaf extract
Effectiveness of Bdellovibrio Against the Immune System of White Shrimp (Litopenaues vannamei) Infeksion with Vibrio harveyi Bacteria
White shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is an aquatic biota that is included in the leading commodity of aquaculture. The Vibrio harveyi bacteria can cause up to 80% death in white shrimp. The predatory Bdellovibrio is highly regarded as an alternative source of antibiotics and has been reported to have the potential to control shrimp pathogens such as Vibrio chalerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of giving Bdellovibrio on the immune system of vaname shrimp infected with Vibrio harveyi bacteria. This research is experimental using a completely randomized design (CRD), which consists of 5 treatments and 3 replications. This study was experimental using a completely randomized design (CRD), which consisted of 5 treatments and 3 replications. Treatments in the study included P1 (+)(Not given Bdellovibrio and tested with Vibrio harveyi), P2 (-) (Not given Bdellovibrio and tested with NaCL), P3 (Given 30 ppm Bdellovibrio and tested with Vibrio harveyi), P4 (Given Bdellovibrio 50 ppm and tested with Vibrio harveyi), and P5 (Given Bdellovibrio 70 ppm and tested with Vibrio harveyi). In this study, the best treatment value was obtained, namely P5 treatment, the THC value was 16.94 x 106 cells/ml, the DHC value in hyaline cells was 59.33%, the granular cells were 24%, the semi-granular cells were 16.67%, the AF value 64.82%, TBC value 5.98 x 108 CFU/ml, TVC value 1.43 x 107 CFU/ml, FCR value 1.23, specific length growth rate 19.4%/day, specific weight growth rate 9 .96%/day, the absolute length value is 8.73 cm, the absolute weight is 61 grams and the SR value is 77.78%. From this research, it was concluded that administration of Bdellovibrio in the rearing media at different doses was able to improve the immune system and survival of White shrimp tested with Vibrio harveyi bacteria
The Influence of the Tandon System on the Productivity of Giant River Prawn (Penaeus monodon Fab.) Cultivation in West Java
The reservoir system has become one of the recognized methods for water management in tiger prawn cultivation (Penaeus monodon Fab.) to increase productivity and reduce the risk of disease. Research regarding the application of this system is growing along with the increasing need to maintain optimal water quality in ponds. This review article aims to review various studies that have been carried out regarding the influence of reservoir systems on the productivity of black tiger prawn cultivation in West Java, as well as identifying key factors that influence the success of these systems. Previous studies show that the use of reservoir systems can improve water quality through better circulation, waste filtering, and stabilization of the physical-chemical parameters of pond water. The results of several studies in various shrimp ponds in West Java show a significant increase in productivity, including increased growth rates, shrimp survival, and higher yields. Apart from that, the tank system has also proven effective in reducing the risk of diseases which are often the main obstacle in shrimp cultivation, such as white spot syndrome. However, there are several challenges in implementing reservoir systems, such as high initial investment costs and the need for better technical management. This article concludes that the reservoir system has great potential to be widely adopted in tiger prawn ponds, especially in the West Java area, as long as it is supported by adequate training and technological support. In addition, further research is needed to explore the long-term impacts and development potential of this system in a variety of different environmental conditions.
Blood Profile And Fish Growth Patin (Pangasius sp.) In Maintenance Using The Microbubble System And No Microbuble
The study aims to analyze the influence of microbubbles on the blood profile and growth of patin fish (Pangasius sp.) on the maintenance using microbobble and without microbulble systems. The research was carried out for 50 days in the round pool of the Aquatic Crop Studies Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram using a complete random design (RAL) consisting of 2 treatments and 20 repetitions namely P1: cultivation with microbubble technology and P2: cultivation without microbobble technology. Test parameters include hematocrites, haemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocyte differentials, absolute weight, longitude, specific weight, length, feed conversion ratio (FCR), feeding efficiency (EPP), survival (SR) and water quality. The data were analyzed using the Student t non-parametric statistical test using the SPSS program. Research results show that the use of microbubbles can enhance growth, SGR, FCR, and EPP of better patin fish (Pangasius sp.) with still optimal blood profiles.
Feeding Formulations Made From Raw Seaweed Flour Eucheuma Cottonii Results Of Fermentation With Various Concentrations Of Em-4 In Cultivation Of Tila Fish (Oreochromis niloticus)
Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) is a freshwater fish that has very high economic value. An important factor in cultivating tilapia is feed nutrition. The nutritional content needed to meet fish needs consists of protein, fat, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins. . The quality of feed depends on the type of raw material used to meet the nutritional needs of fish. One of the raw materials that has the potential to be used as raw material for fish feed is Eucheuma cottoni seaweed. which contains minerals such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, zinc, iodine, as well as vitamin C and vitamin E. However, the problem with seaweed is the high carbohydrate content which causes the high fiber content. One way to reduce the fiber content is through the fermentation process. The success of the fermentation process is also determined by the type of fermenter used. Fermenter, EM-4 (Effective Microorganisms). is one of the fermenters that is widely used because it contains microorganisms. This research used tilapia fish seeds, carried out for 50 days in the laboratory. The method used in this research was a completely randomized design (CRD) method using 4 treatments and 3 repetitions, namely treatment P1: without the addition of EM-4 (control), treatment P2: addition of E. cottonii seaweed with 2 ml EM-4, P3: addition of E. cottonii seaweed with 4 ml EM-4, P4: addition of E. cottonii seaweed with 6 ml EM-4. The parameters tested in this study were absolute weight growth, specific growth rate, absolute length, feed conversion ratio, feed utilization efficiency and survival of tilapia and water quality. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a confidence level of 95%. The research results showed that the addition of E.cottonii seaweed flour could increase the absolute weight, absolute length and survival of tilapia with the average absolute weight of tilapia during rearing ranging from 7.41 Ì¶ 7.65 g, absolute length ranging from 4.95 Ì¶ 5.1 cm, The specific growth rate ranges between 2,147 Ì¶ 2,203 %/day, with a feed conversion ratio ranging between 1.31 Ì¶ 1.57 and feed utilization efficiency ranging between 75.97 Ì¶ 81.09 %, and tilapia survival ranging between 53.3 Ì¶ 76.7 %. Water quality during maintenance is still within the normal range for tilapia cultivation, namely temperature ranging between 27.2 Ì¶ 29.7 ºC, pH ranging between 7.4 Ì¶ 8.6 and DO ranging between 5.5 Ì¶ 6.6 mg/l.
PRELIMINARY STUDY OF POST TRANSPORTATION ADAPTATION RESPONSE OF Esomus metallicus (AHL 1923), AN FOREIGN FISH SPECIES IN INDONESIA AND INITIAL DISCUSSION OF ITS UTILIZATION POTENTIAL
Esomus metallicus merupakan spesies ikan yang secara alami tidak tersebar di Indonesia (non-native). Pada beberapa kasus, jenis ikan non-native telah mengancam ekosistem alami di perairan umum. Melalui ekspedisi ilmiah, dilakukan pengamatan yang bertujuan untuk mengkaji respons awal adaptasi pascapengangkutan, yaitu sintasan dan tingkah laku ikan E. metallicus liar di dalam wadah terkontrol. Selain itu, juga dilakukan analisis terhadap potensi pemanfaatan untuk bidang akuakultur, pengolahan hasil perikanan, dan strategi edukasi kepada masyarakat tentang ikan E. metallicus. Ekspedisi dilakukan selama dua hari di bagian barat Pulau Jawa. Ikan diangkut menggunakan sistem tertutup selama 6 jam. Pemeliharaan ikan pascapengangkutan dilakukan selama 14 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sintasan ikan E. metalicus selama pengangkutan yaitu 96,72%. Ikan E. metalicus dapat beradaptasi dengan baik di dalam wadah pemeliharaan terkontrol yang terlihat dari sintasan akhir pengamatan 90,96%, tingkah laku berenang yang aktif secara berkelompok dan telah memakan pakan buatan. Potensi sebagai ikan hias dapat dilihat pada warna sisik metalik, ukuran tubuh yang kecil, dan tingkah laku berenang berkelompok dapat menjadi ikan untuk akuaskap. Selain itu, potensi pemanfaatan ikan ini yaitu sebagai pakan hidup untuk ikan predator, tepung ikan, ikan uji di laboratorium, dan bahan makanan. Kajian lebih lanjut hal tersebut sebagai solusi pengendalian ikan non-native perlu dilakukan. Analisis risiko menunjukkan bahwa E. metallicus termasuk ke dalam spesies risiko sedang. Strategi edukasi terhadap masyarakat perlu dilakukan karena masyarakat menganggap ikan E. metallicus adalah “benteurâ€ atau “parayâ€, yang merupakan nama lokal untuk ikan dari genus Rasbora asli Indonesia karena kemiripan morfologi.
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COASTAL VULNERABILITY STUDY FOR MARINE CULTIVATION ON DULLAH ISLAND, TUAL CITY
ABSTRAK Perikanan budidaya menyediakan lebih dari setengah dari pasokan makanan laut di dunia dengan pasokan ikan per kapita dunia mencapai rekor pada tahun 2014 yaitu 20 kg. Indonesia memiliki potensi perikanan budidaya terbesar di dunia yakni 67,7 juta ton per tahun. Jika ditinjau dari ketersediaan air tawar yang semakin berkurang, sebagaian besar pertumbuhan perikanan budidaya akan berlangsung dalam air laut. Peneltian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kerentanan di wilayah pesisir Pulau Dullah, Kota Tual melalui pendekatan spasial. Penelitian dilakukan di Teluk Luv (Pulau Dullah bagian selatan) dan Teluk Divur (Pulau Dullah bagian utara) yang merupakan bagian dari Kecamatan Dullah Utara.Penentuan kerentanan pesisir teluk dilakukan untuk mengetahui nilai indeks kerentanan pesisir teluk menggunakan modifikasi konsep kerentanan pesisir Gornitz dan White(1992). Metode penelitian kerentanan pesisir teluk menggunakan pendekatan spasial dengan berdasarkan pada kondisi fisik pesisir telukyaitu geomorfologi, perubahan garis pantai, elevasi, kenaikan muka laut relatif, tunggang pasang maksimal dan tinggi gelombang. Indeks kerentanan pesisir teluk dibagi ke dalam tigakelas yaitu rendah, sedang dan tinggi. Penilaian secara kuantitatif terhadap kerentanan pesisir dilakukan melalui scoring. Luaran penelitian ini adalah berupa peta kerentanan wilayah pesisir Pulau Dullah. Teluk Divur dan Teluk Luv memiliki perairan yang masuk kedalam kategori tidak rentan hingga rentan sedang dengan nilai indeks kerentanan berkisar 0,00-19,37. Posisi mulut teluk memiliki tingkat kerentanan yang lebih tinggi dari teluk bagian dalam.
POTENTIAL OF MILKFISH CULTIVATION AS A UTILIZATION OF PLANKTON IN BATU NAMPAR WATERS
Perairan Teluk Ekas telah memiliki konsentrasi nutrien yang di atas ambang batas. Nutrien berasal dari pakan ikan rucah yang diberikann oleh pembudidaya ikan sistem Karamba jaring Apung. Nutrien yang berlebihan di perairan akan memicu pertumbuhan besar-besaran plankton atau yang dikenal dengan blooming. Blooming plankton akan berdampak buruk pada biota yang dibudidayakan serta untuk semua organisme yang mendiami perairan tersebut. Plankton yang tumbuh dapat dikendalikan dengan memberikan organisme yang dapat memanfaatkan keberadaannya sebagai pakan. Bandeng banyak digunakan sebagai pemanen /pemanfaatan plankton baik di perairan tawar maupun laut. Bandeng merupakan ikan euryhalin atau memiliki rentang salinitas yang luas. Selain itu ikan bandeng merupakan ikan ekonomis penting. Namun sebelum mengintroduksi ikan bandeng di KJA Batu Nampar perlu dilakukan analisa kesesuaian beberapa parameter lingkungan dan yang tidak kalah pentingnya adalah jenis plankton yang bisa dimanfaatkan oleh bandeng. Oleh karena itu tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengiventaris/mendata jenis plankton di perairan Batu Nampar serta melihat kesesuaian jenis plankton yang ada dengan yang menjadi pakan ikan alami Bandeng. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey. Pengamatan lebih dititikberatkan pada pendataan jenis plankton. Pengambilan contoh air dan pengamatan terhadap parameter-parameter kualitas air lainnya dilakukan pada tiap bulan selama 3 kali. Jenis plankton yang teriventarisir pada saat penelitian adalah: Synedra ulna, Fragilaria, Hemiaulus sinensis, Skeletonema costatum, Triceratium taves, Coscinodiscus granii, Pseudo nitzschia, Dytilum sol, Cerataulina smithii, Clamydocapsa sp, Navicula elegans, Aulacodiscus gracilis, Cydotella sp., Globorotolia pumilio, Ceratium sp.,larva crustacean, Pontellina plumata. Plankton yang terdapat lebih banyak dari Bacillariophyceae yang merupakan jenis pakan dari ikan bandeng sehingga perairan KJA Batu Nampar berpotensi digunakan untuk budidaya Bandeng
GROWTH OF GOLD FISH AND TAIWAN OYSTER CULTIVATED IN RECIRCULATION SYSTEM
Kegiatan budidaya ikan secara intensif berarti melakukan pemeliharaan ikan dengan padat penebaran yang tinggi dan pemberian pakan buatan. Selain itu membutuhkan kuantitas air yang cukup besar. Hal ini akan berdampak terhadap kualitas air yang buruk dan pertumbuhan dari organisme yang dibudidaya. Untuk mengatasi masalah yang dihadapi maka dilakukan budidaya ikan mas bersama kijing taiwan menggunakan sistem resirkulasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pertumbuhan ikan mas dan kijing taiwan. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan percobaan dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari padat tebar ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) 30 individu dan berat awal (20 gr) kemudian padat tebar kijing taiwan (Anodonta woodiana) 0, 20, 40, 60 individu dengan ukuran berat awal, (11 gr). Wadah percobaan yang digunakan adalah akurium dengan ukuran panjang 100 cm x lebar 50 cm x tinggi 50 cm sebanyak 12 buah. Masing-masing akuarium dilengkapi aerasi dan sistem resirkulasi, 3 buah bak tandon, 3 buah pompa (kapasitas 28000 l/jam), pipa pvc, jangka sorong, timbangan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adanya penambahan bobot tubuh ikan mas selama pengamatan berbeda unutuk setiap perlakuan. Dan pertumbuhan yang baik pada perlakuan dengan padat tebar yang banyak, berdasarkan hasil analisa ragam terjadi perbedaan nyata antar perlakuan (P<0,05). Untuk pertumbuhan kijing taiwan terlihat adanya penambahan bobot tubuh pada setiap minggu, dan pertumbuhan yang baik pada perlakuan padat terbar yang banyak. Berdasarkan hasil analisa ragam terjadi perbedaan nyata antar perlakuan (P<0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah adanya pertumbuhan ikan mas dan kijing taiwan yang baik dengan padat penebaran yang tinggi.
GROWTH OF Caulerpa sp. CULTIVATED WITH THE LONGLINE METHOD IN ROMPO VILLAGE, LANGGUDU DISTRICT, BIMA REGENCY
Macroalgae that exist in Indonesia and have the potential to be cultivated apart from the Glacilaria sp. and Eucheuma sp. is a type of seaweed Caulerpa sp. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of different planting distances and depths on the growth and antioxidants of Caulerpa sp. which is cultivated using the longline method. The research was carried out in the waters of Rompo Village, Langgudu District, Bima Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. The research method was a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor is the planting distance consisting of 3 treatments. The second factor is depth consisting of 2 treatments. The combination of distance and depth in this study is; A: plant distance 20 cm - 50 cm depth, B: plant distance 30 cm - 50 cm depth, C: plant distance 40 cm - 50 cm depth, D: plant distance 20 cm - 100 cm depth, E: plant distance 30 cm - depth 100 cm and F: planting distance 40 cm - depth 100 cm. The results showed that different planting distances had a significant influence at the 5% level on the growth of Caulerpa sp. and there is no interaction between the JT factor (Planting Distance) and the KD Factor (Depth) on the absolute growth rate of Caulerpa sp. Absolute growth rate of Caulerpa sp. The best treatment was obtained from a planting distance of 30 cm with a depth of 50 cm, namely 111 ± 27 grams with a specific growth rate of 2,477 ± 412b %/day. The highest antioxidant content was obtained at a planting distance of 40 cm with a depth of 50 cm, amounting to 45.57%. The conclusion of this research is that the interaction between the planting distance factor and the depth factor has no effect on the absolute growth and specific growth of Caulerpa sp. Different depths have a significant influence on the antioxidant content of Caulerpa sp.
GROWTH OF Caulerpa sp. IN THE CULTIVATION OF BASIC PATCH SYSTEM IN ROMPO VILLAGE, LANGGUDU DISTRICT
Caulerpa sp. is a type of sea grape from the green algae group that can be used as food. In Indonesia there are still very few people who can cultivate it and its current availability comes from harvesting it in nature. The aim of this research was to analyze the effect of different seed weights on the growth and antioxidant content of Caulerpa sp. cultivated using the basic stake method. The research was carried out in Rompo Village, Langgudu District, Bima Regency. Cultivation of Caulerpa sp. carried out for 30 days. The research used the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method which consisted of 5 treatments, namely; A : 100 grams (20 g / 5 points), B : 125 grams (25 g / 5 points), C : 150 grams (30 g / 5 points), D : 175 grams (35 g / 5 points), and E : 200 grams (40 g / 5 points). The research results explained that the highest absolute growth was in treatment E (69.8 grams). The highest specific growth was in treatment A (1.395% / day). Number of dots of Caulerpa sp. The most were found in treatment E (414 dots). Antioxidant value of Caulerpa sp. The highest was in treatment A (87.15%). The conclusion of this research is that different seed weights have an influence on absolute, relative growth, number of dots and antioxidant content. A seedling weight of 200 grams (Treatment E) gave the best absolute growth and increase in the number of dots, namely 69.8 grams and 414 dots. A seed weight of 100 grams (A) provides the best specific growth and amount of antioxidants, namely 1.395% / day and 87.15%.
EFFECT OF RECIRCULATION SYSTEM ON WATER QUALITY AND SURVIVAL RATE OF BANGGAI CARDINAL FISH (Pterapogon kauderni)
Sistem Resirkulasi merupakan suatu metode pemeliharaan ikan dalam wadah terkontrol dalam menggunakan kembali air bekas setelah proses penyaringan secara fisik dan biologi. Salah satu bentuk sistem resirkulasi yaitu multi layer filter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui parameter kualtas air dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup pada pemeliharaan ikan banggai cardinal (P. kauderni) dengan menggunakan variasi sistem resirkulasi multi layer filter. Kegiatan Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 1 bulan dari bulan februari – maret 2019 di Laboratorium Unit Kultivasi Program Studi Budidaya Perairan-Universitas Pattimura Ambon. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain wadah resirkulasi dengan 2 perlakuan sistem dan media filter yang digunakan yaitu dakron, arang aktif, pasir pantai, bioball, dan keramik mika. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisa menggunakan analisis deskriptif, kemudian data tersebut diolah pada Microsoft office Excel 2010, disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa hasil pengukuran konsentrasi amonia yang diperoleh bahwa pada perlakuan B (Bioball, arang aktif, dakron, dan pasir) dapat mereduksi amonia lebih optimal dengan nilai konsentrasi di minggu terakhir yaitu 0.3 mg/l dan perlakuan ini dapat menjaga kelangsungan hidup ikan banggai cardinal berkisar 66.67 % lebih baik dibandingkan perlakuan yang lainnya. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa variasi komponen sistem resirkulasi multi layer filter pada perlakuan dengan kombinasi filter bioball, arang aktif, dakron dan pasir mampu mereduksi amonia, serta memberikan pengaruh yang lebih baik terhadap kualitas air sehingga mampu meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup ikan banggai cardinal.