Indonesian Journal of Aquaculture Medium
Jurnal Media Akuakultur Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Aquaculture Medium), abbreviated as JMAI (IJAM), managed by Aquaculture Study Program, University of Mataram, is a scientific journal publishing research results in marine and fisheries sector. In 2021 (Volume 1) and 2022 (Volume 2), JMAI published twice a year. But since 2023 (Volume 3), JMAI Published four times a year (February, May, August and November). This development is recorded and reported on the ISSN number attached to JMAI. E- ISSN : 2798-0553
Program Studi Budidaya Perairan Universitas Mataram
Water Quality Management in Enlargement Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) inPT. Bumi Harapan Jaya, Poto Tano, Sumbawa Barat
Shrimp is one of the main products of aquaculture in Indonesia. One type of shrimp that has high economic value compared to other types of shrimp is the vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). This type of shrimp is in great demand by cultivators because it can be cultivated intensively with high stocking densities and intensive feeding to achieve high production. Water quality management greatly determines the sustainability of the aquaculture industry because the development of shrimp culture through a high stocking density system and intensive feeding can cause problems such as a decrease in pond water quality for shrimp survival. The purpose of this study was to find out the correct methods and techniques for water quality management in growing vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) at PT. Bumi Harapan Jaya, Poto Tano, West Sumbawa. Data collection techniques used were primary and secondary through observation, direct observation, interviews and through journals, books, and related literature. Water quality management is divided into three parameters, namely physics, chemistry, and biology. The research results show that water quality values ​​for each physical, chemical, and biological parameter in the PT. Bumi Harapan Jaya ponds are still considered optimal. Water quality management at PT. Bumi Harapan Jaya's ponds begins with general water quality management, divided into several stages, including pond preparation, water sterilization, bacteria application, and routine monitoring of various water parameters
Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Aquaculture Medium
Efficacy of Nigella sativa Enrichment of Live Tubifex sp. to Enhance Larval Performance of Hemibagrus nemurus
The growth and survival of catfish larvae (Hemibagrus nemurus) are important factors in successful cultivation, which are greatly influenced by the quality of the natural feed provided. This study evaluated the effect of providing live feed Tubifex sp. enriched with Nigella sativa solution on the growth and survival of catfish larvae. Seven-day-old fish larvae were fed with various doses of Nigella sativa enrichment (0; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; and 0.4 mg) for 21 days using a completely randomized design with three replications. The parameters observed included absolute weight, absolute length, specific growth rate, and survival. The results showed that Tubifex sp. feed enriched with Nigella sativa solution significantly increased all parameters of larval growth and survival, with the optimal dose at 0.2 mg. This increase is thought to be related to the content of the bioactive compound thymoquinone in Nigella sativa which functions as an antioxidant and immunostimulant, leading to increased metabolic capacity and resistance of larvae to environmental stress. This finding provides an innovative alternative to natural feed that is more nutritious and effective in cultivating catfish, while also supporting sustainable and environmentallyfriendly aquaculture practices.
Tubifex sp., Nigella sativa, ikan baung, pertumbuhan, kelulushidupan
Influencing Factors Analysis of Marine Tourism Demand in the Sanggar Beach Area, Tulungagung
Sanggar Beach in Tulungagung Regency has marine tourism potential based on its natural landscape, coastal beauty, and green turtle conservation value. However, limited accessibility, basic facilities, and safety risks hinder increasing tourism demand. This background necessitates a study of the factors influencing tourist interest. The purpose of this study is to analyze the variables influencing tourism demand to Sanggar Beach and formulate recommendations for sustainable destination management strategies. The research method was conducted through a field survey, interviews, and questionnaires distributed to 30 tourists using a purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed quantitatively using multiple linear regression, complemented by descriptive analysis of tourist characteristics and the condition of attractions, accessibility, and amenities. The results indicate that the majority of tourists are young (15–25 years old), have a high school or bachelor's degree, have low to middle incomes, and are predominantly private sector workers and students. The regression analysis showed a very strong relationship (R = 0.90) with an R² = 0.80, meaning that 80% of the variation in tourism demand can be explained by the research variables. Simultaneously, independent variables significantly influence demand, although partially no significant effect was found at the 5% level, except for age, which approached significance (p = 0.0531). Facility evaluations show that attractions are excellent, the turtle hatchery is quite good, road access is considered poor, while amenities are mostly adequate but need improvement, especially the gazebo. In conclusion, tourism demand to Sanggar Beach is influenced by demographic factors and destination quality, with accessibility and facilities as the aspects that need the most improvement. Strategies to strengthen attractions, improve infrastructure, and improve amenities will support sustainable tourism growth.
Operational Standards for Water Quality Management and Vannamei Shrimp Hatchery Process at PT. Esaputlii Main Initiative of Barru Regency
Vannamei shrimp or Litopanaeus vannamei is a species of shrimp native to the waters of central and south America, such as Ecuador, Vanezuela, Panama, and Brazil. It was cultivated in Indonesia in 2001 to replace the species Litopanaeus monodon, which experienced decline and production failures due to poor water quality and disease risk. The purpose of this study is to find the water quality management method used to produce vannamei shrimp larvae (Litopenaeus vannamei) in PT. Esaputlii Prakarsa Utama, Barru Regency. The activity was carried out through a participatory approach and direct observation for 4 months (February to May 2025). The results of the study revealed that (1) Strict sanitation of production containers (brood rearing tanks, egg hatching, larvae, and feed cultures) with 100 ppm of chlorine was used; (2) Integrated seawater and freshwater resource management (salinity 30–33 ppt, pH 7–8.3); (3) Routine monitoring of water quality parameters (temperature: 31–34 °C, salinity: 30–32 g/L, pH: 8.1–8.5, alkalinity: 128–152 mg/L); and (4) Operational techniques such as flowthrough in the mother tank and gradual water replacement (10–30%) in the larval tank. If this can be applied to small-scale vannamei shrimp farmers in Barru Regency, it can certainly improve the quality of fry production.
Analysis of Water Quality and Pollution Level in Air Hitam River Pekanbaru City Using CCME Index
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas air dan tingkat pencemaran di Sungai Air Hitam, Kota Pekanbaru, Provinsi Riau menggunakan indeks Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME-WQI). Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September 2024 dengan metode survei dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling di tiga stasiun yang merepresentasikan aktivitas manusia berbeda di sepanjang aliran sungai. Parameter yang diamati meliputi fisika (suhu, TSS, kecerahan, kedalaman, kecepatan arus), kimia (pH, DO, BOD, COD, nitrat, fosfat), dan biologi (total coliform). Pengukuran dilakukan di lapangan dan analisis laboratorium mengacu pada standar SNI dan PP No. 22 Tahun 2021. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa parameter BOD dan total coliform secara konsisten melebihi ambang batas. Skor indeks CCME-WQI masing-masing adalah 44,35 (Stasiun 1), 26,02 (Stasiun 2), dan 44,18 (Stasiun 3), yang menempatkan status mutu air pada kategori “buruk.” Penurunan kualitas air dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas domestik, industri, dan pertanian di sekitar sungai. Diperlukan upaya pengelolaan yang lebih lanjut untuk perbaikan kualitas air Sungai Air Hitam.
Effectiveness of Mangrove Leaf Extract (Rhizophora apiculata) in Preventing Vibrio alginolyticus Infection in White Snapper (Lates calcarifer)
White snapper (Lates calcarifer) is a marine fish that has important economic value and contains high nutritional value as a consumption fish. In the white snapper cultivation system, the emergence of disease outbreaks is one of the main threats. One of the diseases that often occurs in white snapper cultivation is bacterial disease. The type of bacteria that causes serious disease and threatens the economy and sustainability of white snapper production is Vibrio alginolyticus.This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of soaking mangrove leaf extract (Rhizophora apiculata) in white snapper to prevent Vibrio alginolyticus and to determine the appropriate dose of mangrove leaf oil extract to prevent Vibrio alginolyticus bacterial disease.The research method used is a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were: P1 = 0 ml mangrove extract/L, P2 = 0.5 ml mangrove extract/L, P3 = 1.5 ml mangrove extract/L and P4 = 2.5 ml mangrove extract/L Results: The best healing time was found in P4 with a duration of 23 hours and the best survival was also found in P4 with a percentage of 96.67%, while the lowest survival was found in P1 at 56.67%. The range of water parameters during the study were temperature in the range of 28oC-29oC, pH 8, DO 4-5 mg/L water, salinity 31 ppt, ammonia 0.4, nitrate <0.01 and nitrite <0.1. The conclusion of this study is that soaking in standard oil leaf extract is effective in preventing Vibrio alginolyticus bacteria in white snapper.
The Effect Of Stocking Density On The Growth Of Sangkuriang Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) In The Bucket Fish Cultivation System (BUDIKDAMBER)
Sangkuriang catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is one of the most commonly cultivated freshwater fish species in Indonesia. The high production of catfish is largely due to the efforts of fish farmers who are able to produce sufficient quantities to meet the increasing consumption demand. One of the aquaculture methods used is the BUDIKDAMBER system, which involves fish farming in buckets with high stocking densities. This study employed an experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 3 stocking density treatments with 4 replications: A (1 fish/liter), B (2 fish/liter), and C (3 fish/liter) for a period of 30 days. The fish were kept in buckets prepared for the budikdamber activity, with stocking densities adjusted according to each treatment, and were fed three times a day. Water quality was monitored every 3 days. The results of the study showed that up to a density of 3 fish/liter of Sangkuriang catfish fingerlings, there was no significant difference among the different stocking density treatments, and all treatments still demonstrated good performance. The best treatment was found in treatment C (3 fish/liter), with a survival rate of 77.25%, a feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 0.67, and a specific growth rate (SGR) of 3.28%.
Shrimp Vannamei Culture (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Low Salinity Media on Biofloc System With Different C/N Ratio Media Intake
Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the superior commodity biota in the fisheries sector with one of its etyhaline abilities, namely that it can survive a wide salinity range, so it has the potential to cultivate vannamei shrimp in fresh water media. One of the cultivation systems that is currently developing is the biofloc system with the advantage of increasing the production capacity of dense biota but still being able to maintain water quality through the floc produced, apart from that it can increase biota production where the floc is able to become natural food for the biota being reared. The development of freshwater vaname shrimp cultivation using a biofloc system has never been carried out, where one of the important factors of biofloc itself is the C/N ratio for floc growth, therefore it is necessary to determine the correct C/N ratio given to the freshwater vaname shrimp biofloc media. The aim of this research is to analyze the maintenance of low salinity vaname shrimp using a biofloc system at different C/N ratios. The research method used was the experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely P1 C/N 6, P2 C/N ratio 12, P3 C/N ratio 18, and P4 C/N ratio 18. N 24. The results of this study show a real difference in the specific weight growth rate with the highest value at P3, namely 9.0%/day and the lowest at P1, namely 0%/day. The specific length growth rate in P3 shows the highest value, namely 4.18%/day and the lowest in P1, namely 0%/day. The FCR value in the study also showed the best results at P3 with a value of 1.57.
COVER, EDITORIAL BOARDS, TABLE OF CONTENT
The Effect Of Candlenut (Aleurites moluccanus) Concentration On Moisture Content, Ash Content, Color, And Sensory Evaluation Of Powdered Broth From Bones And Heads Of Mackerel (Rastrelliger sp)
Fish-based powder broth generally has a fishy odor caused by the high content of trimethylamine (TMA) compounds in fish. To reduce this unpleasant smell, candlenut is added as an antioxidant. This study aims to determine the effect of candlenut concentration on the moisture content, ash content, color, and sensory characteristics of powder broth made from the bones and heads of mackerel. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with further analysis using the Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test at a 5% level. The research was conducted in two stages: product preparation and analysis, which included chemical tests (moisture and ash content), physical tests (color), and sensory evaluation. The results showed that the addition of candlenut had a significant effect on all tested parameters. Formulation K4 yielded the best results, with a moisture content of 5.80%, ash content of 3.42%, and color values of L 75.84, a 2.48, and b* 19.91. The sensory scores for this formulation were 4.36 for taste, 5.16 for aroma, 5.26 for color, and 4.54 for texture. These findings indicate that the addition of candlenut can improve the physical and sensory quality of fish-based powder broth and reduce the undesirable fishy odor
Feeding Efficiency Using Auto Feeder in Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Cultivation at PT. Bumi Harapan Jaya, Tano Photo, West Sumbawa
Feed is a very important factor because it takes up 60-70% of the total operational costs, so that feed provided according to needs will stimulate optimal growth and development of shrimp production. The use of auto feeder machines can help in providing shrimp feed more effectively and maintaining water quality to remain stable and suitable for vannamei shrimp cultivation. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficiency of feeding in vannamei shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ) cultivation . The method used in this study is the method descriptive, the data analyzed in this study is shrimp growth data obtained from sampling results and water quality data both in the field and laboratory. The results of this study are that the daily growth (ADG) of vannamei shrimp is in the range of 0.22-0.38 grams, this data is already optimal and for the average weight (MBW) obtained 4.56 grams then increased over time to reach DOC 108 with a weight of 24.97 grams. Based on the results of the average weight growth obtained, it is known that the growth is optimal and it is known that the water quality value is still in optimal condition in vannamei shrimp cultivation, both physical and chemical parameters. From this study it is known that feeding using an auto feeder has a good effect on the growth of ADG and MBW shrimp and also the feed given using an auto feeder can minimize feed falling to the bottom so that water quality is maintained and remains in optimal condition for vannamei shrimp cultivation. Keywords: Cultivation, Feed, Vannamei , Auto Feeder, Growth
The Effect of Recombinant Growth Hormone Administration on Bonylip Barb (Osteochilus vittatus) Fry at Diferent Stocking Densities.
The nilem fish (Osteochilus vittatus) has high economic value, but its growth rate is relatively slow. One potential solution to accelerate its cultivation period is the use of recombinant growth hormone (rGH). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral administration of rGH derived from Epinephelus lanceolatus (rElGH) on the growth rate of nilem fish juveniles at different stocking densities. A completely randomized design with three replications was used in this study. Juvenile fish with an average length of 4.43±0.03 cm and weight of 0.96±0.03 g were reared in aquaria measuring 100 × 50 × 50 cm with a water height of 20 cm for 30 days. The fish were fed commercial feed containing 31–33% protein, with rElGH-supplemented feed given to satiation twice daily (at 08:00 and 16:00) during the first seven days, followed by regular feed without rElGH. The best production performance was obtained in the R30 treatment group (30 fish per 100 L with rElGH), with an absolute weight gain (AWG) of 3.4 g, a survival rate of 98.89%, and a specific growth rate (SGR) of 4.8% per day, indicating that nilem fish given rElGH grew faster.
Financial Viability Assessment of Koi (Cyprinus Rubrofuscus) Culture Through Selective Breeding Programs : A Case Study of Indonesian Commercial Koi Farms
This study aims to evaluate the financial performance of the koi fish farming industry (Cyprinus rubrofuscus) in Indonesia through a selective breeding program. Data collected between 2021 and 2024, covering business development, operational costs, investment costs, and capital estimates, was obtained from 24 koi fish farming businesses in the Java region. Businesses using genetic screening aim to reduce financial disparities, which is different from traditional aquaculture methods. The analysis's results indicate that the implementation of the selective breeding program in a scientific manner yielded a higher profit margin of 34.2% than the traditional method, which only reached 18.7%. Although the initial investment is more substantial (about Rp28,5 million per hectare), the time frame required to pay for the investment is more efficient, i.e., between 18 and 24 months. The price of koi fish is higher than the market price, possibly reaching 2.8% of the price of koi fish, with the selling price per tail ranging from Rp450,000 to Rp1,200,000. In addition, there was a 15% increase in feed efficiency and a 3% decrease in mortality, which means a 7.8% reduction. Thus, this selective breeding program can improve koi farming production and sales performance by applying genetic technology, which can help overcome the financial crisis in the aquaculture sector in developing countries.
Differences in Bait Types on Mangrove Crab (Scylla Serrata) Catches Using Folding Trap in Pangkal Babu Village.
Folding bubu fishing gear is one of the fishing gear operated to catch mangrove crabs in Pangkal Babu Village, catching mangrove crabs (Scylla serrata) using folding bubu fishing gear requires bait in an effort to increase catches effectively. This study aims to determine the difference in mangrove crab catches using stingray and tobul fish bait using folding bubu. This research was conducted in Pangkal Babu Village, Tanjung Jabung Barat on March 7 - April 7, 2024. The method used was experimental fishing. Data collected include the number, weight and width of mangrove crab catches, the number, weight, and width of the carapace of the catches are tabulated in the form of tables and graphs. The results showed that the number of mangrove crab catches was 27 with an average total weight of 407.8 g and an average carapace width of 198.4 mm. While the catch of mangrove crabs with tobacco fish treatment got 34 fish with an average weight of 602.4 g, and an average width of 267.6 mm. The results of the T test analysis showed that the bait type treatment had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on the number of mangrove crab catches, but had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the weight and width of the mangrove crab carapace, From this study, it can be concluded that the use of tobacco fish bait in folding bubu fishing gear in Pangkal Babu Village resulted in higher carapace weight and width compared to the use of stingray bait.
White Snapter Lates Calcarifer Hatchery Techniques at Brackishwater Cultivation Fisheries Center (Bpbap) Situbondo, East Java.
Hatchery activities have several stages, starting with broodstock management, preparation of larval containers, broodstock selection, brood spawning, egg handling, larval rearing, feeding management, water quality management and harvesting. The aim is to find out knowledge about white snapper (Lates calcarifer) hatchery techniques at the Brackish Water Aquaculture Center (BPBAP) Situbondo, East Java. The research method used is the descriptive method. The research results showed that the number of broodstock used in the natural spawning process was 84 with a ratio of 1:2, carried out twice during the dark and bright months at night. The harvested eggs were spread in rectangular concrete tanks for 17-18 hours and the HR (Hatching Rate) was calculated with a yield of 96%. Feeding D2-D30 larvae is given 2 times a day with types of feed in the form of natural and artificial feed, D23-D35 larvae feed is given once every 2 hours in the form of artificial feed. The results of measuring water quality parameters were a pH value of 7.75, a salinity value of 30 ppt, a temperature value of 31oC, a dissolved oxygen value of 6.12 mg/L and an ammonia value of 0.085 mg/L. Water management is carried out by siphoning and changing the water according to the age of the larvae. Harvesting of larvae is carried out after grading size and defects and then calculating the SR (Survival Rate) value which is found to be 30%.
Identification of Gastropod Species in the Waters of Moudolung, East Sumba Regency
The intertidal zone is an area that has a narrow area because it borders land and is influenced by tides. The types of biota in tidal areas have high diversity. There are many types of biota such as fish, bivalves, coral reefs, gastroda and there are also types of plants such as macroalgae, seagrass and mangroves. One of the biota found in tidal areas is Gastropods from the phylum mollusca which has quite abundant species diversity. With location conditions such as sandy, muddy and rocky substrates. Moudong waters are waters that have rocky and muddy topography, so they are a place/habitat for gastropod species. The aim of this research was to see the level of diversity of gastropod types and nutritional content. The method used is the observation and line transect method, with 9 stations and 9 plots on each transect. Based on the results of research on the types of gastropods in Moudong waters, there are 5 types of gastropods, namely Oliva fordi, Telescopium Telescopium, Steromphala umbilicalis, Canarium labiatum, Familia muricidae. The level of diversity of gastropod species is low with an H' index < 2.0, because there is only 1 type at each sampling station. For nutritional content (proximate analysis results), it was found that the nutritional content of the gastropod species obtained in Moudolung waters was quite high, one of which was that the protein content of each type was quite high.
Gastropods, Moudolung Waters, East Sumba
Evaluation of Mutiara Strain Catfish Seed Production (Clarias sp.) at UPR Farm 169 Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan
Mutiara catfish is one of the leading commodities in the freshwater fish farming sector in Indonesia. Catfish has the advantage of good meat quality, a fast growth rate, and can live at high density. The continuous availability of seeds is one of the key factors in meeting the demand for catfish seeds in West Kalimantan. This study aims to evaluate the catfish seed production system at Farm 169, Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan. The seeding process includes pond preparation, parent selection, spawning, egg hatching, larval maintenance and harvesting, feeding, and water quality management. The results of the fecundity calculation of pearl catfish obtained the number of eggs as many as 142.200, fertilization rate of 85.08%, hatching rate of 83.12%, and larval survival rate of 92.62%.
Identification Of Freshness Level Of Mackerel (Rastrelliger Kanagurta) In Tanjungsari Market, Sumedang Regency.
Fresh fish or wet fish is fish that has not been or is not preserved with anything except simply cooled with ice. Fish is said to have maximum freshness if its properties are still the same as live fish, both in appearance, taste, and texture. The level of freshness of fish can be identified or assessed organoleptically. Human senses are instruments used in Volume 5, Number 2, June 2025 https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/jmai/index. E-ISSN : 2798-0553 31 organoleptic tests, which include sight, smell, taste, touch and hearing. This study aims to determine the level of freshness of mackerel and fresh fish at Tanjung Sari Market organoleptically. This research method is by taking mackerel samples and at 10.00 WIB, then its freshness is identified qualitatively through organoleptic observations. Sampling was carried out on May 20, 2025. Organoleptic assessment is the most widely used method in determining signs of fish freshness because it is easier and faster to do, does not require a lot of equipment, and does not require a laboratory. Subjective (organoleptic) determination of fish quality decline is carried out using a score sheet that has been set by the National Standardization Agency SNI 01-2346-2006 (BSN 2006) and using 5 (five) panelists. The parameters observed are the condition of the eyes, gills, mucus, meat, odor, and texture. For organoleptic observations, a detailed assessment (see the score sheet table) is carried out on the fish in the range of values 1 to 9. In the organoleptic testing of test fish sold in retail by traders at Tanjungsari market, the values obtained ranged from 7-8, which means that the fish still has good quality and meets the requirements set by SNI (2006), namely the standard for fresh fish for organoleptic testing, which is a minimum of 7.
Added Value Of Dried Duwo Fish ( Awaous Melanocephalus ) In Donggala District, Central Sulawesi
The waters of the Makassar Strait in the Donggala Regency of Central Sulawesi, which is directly opposite the Capital City of the Archipelago (IKN), have the potential for Duwo fish resources as animal food. Duwo fish is included in the Gobiidae family, a type of fish with the highest diversity. In Sulawesi, Awaous melanocephalus is a native species in several areas, in Gorontalo it is known as Nike, in Mamuju, West Sulawesi it is known as Penja fish, and in Central Sulawesi it is known as Duwo fish. Duwo fish can be consumed raw and is generally consumed after being processed and dried. This study aims to analyze the added value of Duwo fish ( Awaous melanocephalus ) in Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi. Data collection was obtained from Duwo fish processing business actors in Donggala Regency using a purposive sampling research method. Data analysis used the Hayami method of added value analysis. The results of the study showed that the processing of dried duwo fish produced an added value of Rp. 2,500/kg. The ratio of added value obtained with an output of 33.33%, this shows that for every Rp. 100, the added value of dried dowu fish is 33.33 . The processing business of dried duwo fish is one of the forms of business that is pursued by the coastal community of Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi because it can provide a promising source of income.
dried duwo fish, Donggala, Central Sulawesi
Innovation In Mud Crab Aquaculture: Implementation Of A Modular Culture System Based On Controlled Water Flow (Crab Flow System) In Tapanuli Tengah Regency, North Sumatra
Mangrove crab (Scylla spp.) aquaculture has high economic potential, but its implementation in coastal areas such as Central Tapanuli Regency still faces challenges, including limited land, water quality fluctuations, and maintenance efficiency. This study aims to develop and test the effectiveness of the Crab Flow System (CFS), a modular crab culture system based on controlled water flow designed to improve crab growth and survival performance. The research was conducted from January to March 2025 at the Laboratory of the Matauli College of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, North Sumatra, using an experimental method with two treatments: (1) conventional culture and (2) culture using CFS, each with three replicates. Parameters observed included daily growth rate (SGR), survival, and water quality (temperature, pH, DO, ammonia). Results showed that the use of CFS resulted in 18.4% higher average daily growth and 92% survival rate, compared to the conventional system. Water quality in the CFS system was also more stable and within the optimal range for crab growth. In conclusion, the CFS system proved to be effective in increasing the efficiency and productivity of crab culture, and has the potential to be an innovative solution for the development of sustainable aquaculture in coastal areas.
Kepiting bakau, Crab Flow System, budidaya modular, aliran air terkendali, efisiensi pertumbuhan.
Identification Of Salmonella sp. In Smoked Fish In Jayapura City
The purpose of this study was to assess the microbiological quality of smoked fish at the processing center in Jayapura City, Papua. 100 kilograms of smoked fish were tested, samples were taken from producers, distributors, and retailers at three distribution levels. Microbiological tests included identification of Salmonella sp. bacteria and Total Plate Count (TPS) tests. The results of the study were conducted using ANOVA and DMRT further tests at a significance level of 95%. The average TPS value at all distribution levels ranged between 3.379 and 3.509 log cfu/g, which is still within the safe limit for consumption (p>0.05). Each sample tested did not show any Salmonella sp. contamination. This study shows that smoked fish products in Jayapura City are microbiologically safe, but care during distribution needs to be improved, especially in terms of packaging and cleanliness, so that the product continues to satisfy consumers. Consumers can be more satisfied and shelf life can be extended with better hygiene, packaging, and better distribution chain management. The results of this study provide important insights for producers, consumers, and related parties about the quality of Jayapura smoked fish. This information can be used as a basis for fisheries policy and product quality improvement.
The Effect Of Giving Maggot (Chrysomya megacephala) Maintained In Different Media On The Production Performance Of Nile Fish (Orechromis niloticus)
Nile tilapia is a high-value aquaculture commodity. Its production increased from 24.98% in 2018 to 26.76% in 2019, showing a 7.11% rise. In tilapia farming, feed is a major factor, but its high cost has encouraged the search for alternative feeds. Maggot offers a promising solution due to its low cost and high protein content (40–50%) along with essential amino acids. This research used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD), consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications: P1 (household waste), P2 (fruit waste), P3 (tofu dregs), and P4 (chicken manure). Egg hatching was carried out in plastic containers with a moist mixture of pellet and water. After one week, larvae were transferred to wooden rearing containers filled with 2 kg of each type of waste. The maggot rearing process lasted for two weeks. Maggots were harvested at three weeks old, then dried by roasting and used as fish feed. Tilapia were reared for 45 days in 12 aerated containers and fed maggots three times a day. Water quality was monitored weekly. The results showed that weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), absolute length, specific length growth rate (SLGR), and blood glucose levels were significantly affected by the treatments. However, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and survival rate (SR) were not significantly different. The best results were obtained from P1 (household waste), with absolute weight gain of 11.42 g, SGR of 1.67%/day, absolute length of 4.92 cm, SLGR of 1.02%/day, FCR of 1.9, survival rate of 84.44%, and blood glucose level of 73.3 mg/dL.
Comparative Analysis of Chlorella vulgaris Cell Densities in Different Culture Systems
Chlorella vulgaris is a cosmopolitan microalga with high nutritional value, widely utilized in aquaculture, pharmaceuticals, and biofuel production. This study evaluated its growth performance across three culture scales (laboratory bottle, carboy, and intermediate concrete tank) at BPBAP Situbondo from February to June 2024. The research aimed to analyze the influence of scale on biomass productivity and identify critical environmental factors. Results demonstrated significant growth variations among scales. The laboratory bottle (5 L) achieved the highest cell density (54 × 10⁶ cells/mL) on day 11, attributed to optimal light distribution and stable temperature (30–33°C). Carboy cultures (10 L) showed moderate productivity (31 × 10⁶ cells/mL), while the intermediate scale (700–800 L) yielded the lowest density (6.8 × 10⁶ cells/mL) due to light limitation and suboptimal aeration. Water quality parameters remained stable across all systems, with pH 8.0, salinity 30–34 ppt, and uniform light intensity (500 lux). Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences in growth rates (p < 0.05), highlighting the inverse relationship between scale size and productivity. The study concludes that small-scale systems offer superior environmental control for C. vulgaris cultivation. For mass production, design improvements—such as enhanced aeration, closed photobioreactors, and artificial lighting—are recommended to replicate laboratory-scale efficiency. These findings provide actionable insights for optimizing microalgae culture systems in aquaculture feed production.
Growth and Maintenance of Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) Fed with Commercial Feed at BPBAP Situbondo
This study evaluated the growth performance and maintenance of white seabass (Lates calcarifer) fed with commercial feed at BPBAP Situbondo. As a high-value aquaculture commodity with increasing market demand, white seabass farming faces challenges in seed production and growth optimization. The research monitored growth parameters, survival rate (SR), and water quality during a 4-month rearing period (February-June 2024) in concrete tanks (2.5×4×1.2 m). Results showed that commercial feeds (Megami/Skretting) administered via ad-satiation method (3-4x/day for juveniles <7cm, 2x/day for 8-14cm fish) supported growth, though size variation triggered cannibalism. Water quality parameters remained optimal (pH 7.49-8.17; salinity 33-34‰; ammonia 0.011-0.026 mg/L) per SNI 8036:2014 standards, contributing to an 83.98% SR. Key findings emphasize the critical role of routine grading to prevent cannibalism, strict feed management to minimize toxic waste accumulation (TAN peaked at 1.397 mg/L), and daily water exchange (100% replacement). The study concludes that integrated feed-water management significantly enhances white seabass productivity, recommending further research on nutrient-specific feed formulations and advanced filtration systems to address the 16% mortality rate.
The Effect Of Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Water For Male Sex Reversal In Green Swordtail (Xiphophorus hellerii)
Male green swordtail (Xiphophorus hellerii) is one of fish that is widely favored by the Indonesian people and included in the top ten exports of ornamental fish trade. Market demand for male green swordtail is increasing, so it is necessary to find a method that produces male in mass. One technique that can be used is sex reversal. One of the natural ingredients that can be used is coconut (Cocos nucifera) water. This study aims to analyze the effect of different concentrations of coconut water on the sexing of male green swordtail. This study was conducted ford 60 days in June-August 2023 at the Fish Production and Reproduction Laboratoryd, Aquaculture Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram. The method used was an experiment using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely without coconut water administration or control (P1); 20% ​​coconut water administration (P2); 40% ​​coconut water administration (P3); 60% ​​coconut water administration (P4). The results showed that the method of soaking coconut water with different concentrations for 24 hours had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the percentage of male green swordtail and survival rate, while the growth in length and weight of the fish did not have a significant effect on each treatment, because the growth of the fish was influenced by the feed given. The best treatment was obtained in treatment P3 with a coconut water concentration of 40%, which produced 91.84% male fish with a survival rate of 89.52%.
Copyright (c) 2024 Indonesian Journal of Aquaculture Medium
Effectiveness Of Komak (Lablab Purpureus) Leaf Extract On The Immune System Of Tila Fish (Oreochromis Niloticus) Which Was Injected With Aeromonas Hydrophila Bacteria
This study aims to determine the effect of comma leaf extract on the immune system of tilapia injected with A. hydrophila bacteria. This research was conducted for 60 days at the Fish Production and Reproduction Laboratory and Aquaculture Fish Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Study Program, Department of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram. The method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) experiment with five treatments and three replications, namely where K- was not given comma leaf extract and was injected with 0.9% NaCl, K+ was not given comma leaf extract and was injected with A. Hydrophila bacteria, P1 (0.5%) extract comma leaf and injected with A. hydrophila bacteria, P2 (1%) of komak leaf extract and injected with A. hydophila bacteria, P3 (2%) of komak leaf extract and injected with A. hydrophila bacteria. The observed parameters were total erythrocytes, total leukocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, differential leukocytes, phagocytosis activity, total bacteria and survival (SR). The results showed that the average value of total erythrocytes was 1.22-1.82 x106 cells/mm3, total leukocytes were 2.08-2.8 x104 cells/mm3, hemoglobin was 3.4-5.5%, hematocrit was 14.1-17.3%, differential leukocytes consisted of 4 types of cells, namely lymphocytes. , monocytes, neutrophils and platelets. Lymphocytes 60.7-72.3%, monocytes 4.3-7.3%, neutrophils 17-24.3%, and platelets 6.3-7.7%, phagocytosis activity 44.8-66.3%, total bacteria (TB) OD620 3.39-3.84, survival (SR) 46.7-66.7 %. The addition of 2% of comma leaf extract to the feed can improve the immune system of tilapia injected with A. hydrophila bacteria
Lablab purpureus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Tilapia
Effectiveness of kawista leaf extract (Limonia acidissima) against the immune system tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) injection bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila
ABSTRACT Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a freshwater commodity that has high prospects in the fisheries sector. A. hydrophila bacteria is a pathogenic bacteria that can cause death, often found in freshwater fish. The kawista plant contains alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids and polyphenols. The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of kawista leaf extract Limonia acidissima) against the immune system of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) injected with A. hydrophila bacteria. This study was experimental using a completely randomized design (RAL) method consisting of 5 treatments with 3 replications namely K- (Not given kawista leaf extract and injected with 0.9% NaCl), K+ (Not given kawista leaf extract and injected with A. Hydrophila bacteria ), P1 (Addition of kawista leaf extract to feed with a dose of 0.5% and injection of A. hydrophila bacteria, P2 (Addition of kawista leaf extract to feed with a dose of 1% and injection of A. Hydrophila bacteria), P3 (Addition of kawista leaf extract to feed with dose of 2% and injection of A. Hydrophila bacteria).The results showed that giving kawista leaf extract with different doses affected the immune system in tilapia and fish survival.In this study the best treatment was obtained in treatment 2 with a total erythrocyte value of 1.92 x106 cell/mm3, total leukocytes 2.58x104 cell/mm3, differential leukocytes are divided into 4 parts, namely lymphocytes 66.7%, monocytes 5.33%, neutrophils 21.7%, and platelets 6.33%, hemoglobin 6.6%, hematocrit 17.33%, phagocytosis activity 69.93%, and a Total Bacteria Count (TBC) of OD620 3.53 and a survival rate of 68%. The conclusion was obtained that the use of kawista leaf extract at a dose of 1% in feed could improve the immune system of tilapia injected with A. hydrophila bacteria.
Tilapia, A. hydrophila, kawista leaf extract
Effectiveness of Bdellovibrio Against the Immune System of White Shrimp (Litopenaues vannamei) Infeksion with Vibrio harveyi Bacteria
White shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is an aquatic biota that is included in the leading commodity of aquaculture. The Vibrio harveyi bacteria can cause up to 80% death in white shrimp. The predatory Bdellovibrio is highly regarded as an alternative source of antibiotics and has been reported to have the potential to control shrimp pathogens such as Vibrio chalerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of giving Bdellovibrio on the immune system of vaname shrimp infected with Vibrio harveyi bacteria. This research is experimental using a completely randomized design (CRD), which consists of 5 treatments and 3 replications. This study was experimental using a completely randomized design (CRD), which consisted of 5 treatments and 3 replications. Treatments in the study included P1 (+)(Not given Bdellovibrio and tested with Vibrio harveyi), P2 (-) (Not given Bdellovibrio and tested with NaCL), P3 (Given 30 ppm Bdellovibrio and tested with Vibrio harveyi), P4 (Given Bdellovibrio 50 ppm and tested with Vibrio harveyi), and P5 (Given Bdellovibrio 70 ppm and tested with Vibrio harveyi). In this study, the best treatment value was obtained, namely P5 treatment, the THC value was 16.94 x 106 cells/ml, the DHC value in hyaline cells was 59.33%, the granular cells were 24%, the semi-granular cells were 16.67%, the AF value 64.82%, TBC value 5.98 x 108 CFU/ml, TVC value 1.43 x 107 CFU/ml, FCR value 1.23, specific length growth rate 19.4%/day, specific weight growth rate 9 .96%/day, the absolute length value is 8.73 cm, the absolute weight is 61 grams and the SR value is 77.78%. From this research, it was concluded that administration of Bdellovibrio in the rearing media at different doses was able to improve the immune system and survival of White shrimp tested with Vibrio harveyi bacteria